The biology and health of the honey bee Apis mellifera has been of interest to human
societies for centuries. Research on honey bee health is surging, in part due to new tools …

COVID-19 disproportionately affects the poor and vulnerable. Community health workers are
poised to play a pivotal role in fighting the pandemic, especially in countries with less …

From studies of behaviour, chemical communication, genomics and developmental biology,
among many others, honey bees have long been a key organism for fundamental …

The effect of using acaricides to control varroa mites has long been a concern to the
beekeeping industry due to unintended negative impacts on honey bee health. Irregular …

As pollinators, bees are cornerstones for terrestrial ecosystem stability and key components
in agricultural productivity. All animals, including bees, are associated with a diverse …

Microbial symbionts living within animal guts are largely composed of resident bacterial
species, forming communities that often provide benefits to the host. Gut microbiomes of …

Trypanosomatids are increasingly recognized as prevalent in European honey bees (Apis
mellifera) and by default are attributed to one recognized species, Crithidia mellificae …

Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is initiated by dimerization of intracellular Toll/IL-1 receptor
resistance (TIR) domains. For all TLRs except TLR3, recruitment of the adapter, myeloid …

Frequently encountered parasite species impart strong selective pressures on host immune
system evolution and are more apt to concurrently infect the same host, yet molecular …

While primary care, obstetrical, and surgical services have started to expand in the world's
poorest regions, there is only sparse literature on the essential support systems that are …