Demographics and comorbidities for patients across total patient population diagnosed with heart failure in NWL in 2015–2020 (n=34 208) and PSM cohort (n=8582 for each of hospital and community pathway)
| Total population (n=34 208) | P value | Propensity-matched cohort (n=17 212) | P value | |||
| Community pathway | Hospital pathway | Community pathway (n=8582) | Hospital pathway (n=8582) | |||
| Age (SD) | 72.26±13.50 | 73.84± (13.33) | <0.0001 | 73.53±12.18 | 73.61±12.62 | 0.66 |
| Male gender (%) | 5007 (46.0) | 11 895 (51.1) | <0.0001 | 4644 (54.1) | 4626 (53.9) | 0.79 |
| IMD (SD) | 5.02±2.30 | 4.83±2.31 | <0.0001 | 6.63±2.28 | 6.68±2.31 | 0.13 |
| Ethnicity | – | – | <0.0001 | – | – | 0.92 |
| Asian or Asian British (%) | 2994 (27.5) | 5913 (25.4) | – | 2591 (30.2) | 2567 (29.9) | – |
| Black or Black British (%) | 948 (8.7) | 1961 (8.4) | – | 787 (9.2) | 807 (9.4) | – |
| Mixed (%) | 181 (1.7) | 433 (1.9) | – | 148 (1.7) | 136 (1.6) | – |
| Other ethnic groups (%) | 456 (4.2) | 912 (3.9) | – | 363 (4.2) | 367 (4.3) | – |
| White (%) | 5539 (50.9) | 12 000 (51.5) | – | 4693 (54.7) | 4705 (54.8) | – |
| Unknown ethnicity (%) | 767 (7.1) | 2104 (9.0) | – | – | – | – |
| COPD (%) | 1633 (15.0) | 4234 (18.2) | < 0.0001 | 1470 (17.1) | 1440 (16.8) | 0.56 |
| AF (%) | 3592 (33.0) | 7763 (33.3) | 0.601851 | 2498 (29.1) | 2571 (30.0) | 0.23 |
| CKD (%) | 2939 (27.0) | 6822 (29.3) | <0.0001 | 2338 (27.2) | 2323 (27.1) | 0.81 |
| IHD (%) | 4027 (37.0) | 8704 (37.3) | 0.564231 | 3862 (45.0) | 3935 (45.9) | 0.27 |
| Stroke (%) | 1013 (9.3) | 2733 (11.7) | <0.0001 | 899 (10.5) | 889 (10.4) | 0.82 |
| Ventricular arrhythmia (%) | 130 (1.2) | 281 (1.2) | 0.933738 | 104 (1.2) | 105 (1.2) | 1.00 |
| T2DM (%) | 3592 (33.0) | 8233 (35.3) | <0.0001 | 3099 (36.1) | 3040 (35.4) | 0.36 |
| Hypertension (%) | 7293 (67.0) | 15 055 (64.6) | <0.0001 | 7001 (81.6) | 6994 (81.5) | 0.91 |
AF, atrial fibrillation; CKD, chronic kidney disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; IHD, ischaemic heart disease; IMD, index of multiple deprivation; NWL, north west London; PSM, propensity score-matched; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus.